Polyester fabric printing by disperse dyes:
Table of Contents
Introduction:
Disperses are best for printing on fabrics made of polyester fiber. If the polyester cloth is printed without this dye, all those dyes do not have any washing fastness. When printing polyester fabrics with dispersed dyes such as dispersal and duranol etc., the dye-fixing or development method is followed keeping in view the type of equipment available for dye-fixing on the printed fabric. https://bdfabric.com/types-of-dyeing-machines/
The following methods are usually used for dye-fixing.
1. Atmospheric steaming
2. Pressure steaming
3. High temperature steaming
4. Dry heat (baking) fixation
1. Polyester fabric printing by disperse dyes-Atmospheric steaming:
In this method, no pressure vessel is required to fix the printed fabric. However, Carrier is used in printing paste to produce a good color effect on printed fabric. Temescal PH, Para Hydroxyl Dye Phenyl is an excellent carrier produced by ICI.
2. Polyester fabric printing by disperse dyes-Pressure steaming:
In this method, the printed cloth is steamed for 30 minutes at disconnected pressure. This creates a good printed effect on the printed fabric. This method does not require any career.
3. High temperature steaming:
This method uses superheated steam in high-temperature steamers for fixation. This method uses printing paste urea, which helps the dye to penetrate the fiber. This is a continuous process. In this method polyester fabric is treated at 180°C for 1 minute or at 150°C for 5 minutes.
4. Dry heat (baking) fixation:
In this method, the maximum temperature is used for the disinfection of cloth. Here the fabric is treated from 1800CC to 210°C for 30 seconds to 120 seconds. In this method, the polyester fabric is compressed. High-temperature stenter machines are used in industries to alleviate this condition. In this machine, the stenter is attached to the chain of the machine by clips or pins to keep the size of the cloth right.
Recipe:
Dispersal or Duranol Dye → 10 – 100 percent
Water → 220-310 percent
Urea → 100 percent
Emulsion Thickener → 550 percent
Resist salt L → 10 percent
Perminal KB →20 percent
Total →1000 percent printing paste
(Note: 20% carrier will be used for carrier method and no urea will be used. Manutex F will be used as gum. 200% urea will be used in case of high temperature steaming.)
Printing Process:
Disperse dye is dispersed in water, mixed with urea, and stirred to add emulsion thickener with resist salt L and Perminal KB. The mentioned printing paste is used to print polyester cloth and dry it at a temperature of 110°C. The cloth is then dry-baked (Thermo fixed) at a temperature of 180°C to 200°C for 60 seconds.
The cloth is then washed in cold water. The cloth is then treated with a solution of 2 parts Lisapol / 1000 parts water for 5 to 10 minutes. The cloth is then washed in cold water and dried. Reduction clearing treatment is done to deep shade the design pattern, which is done after washing the fabric in cold water. The fabric is washed and dried in cold water for 10 minutes in a mixture of 2% caustic soda, 2% Lysalamineand 2% hydrogen in 1000% water.
